The Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire was a vast empire, disbanded by World War I, stretching from North Africa, West Asia, and South Asia.

1200's - The Seljuk Turks:

The Seljuk Turks granted a group of Turks and their leader, Osman, as a reward for defending the Kingdom from the Mongols. This group of Turks became Osman Turks, and later Ottoman Turks.

1300's - Expansion.

As the Suljuk Empire fell and declined, the Osman Turks began to expand.They eventually controlled most of the Anatolian Peninsula (Turkey) by 1451, excluding Constantinople and various other locations.

1400's - Continued Expanse.

The Ottoman Empire expanded greatly throughout the world.

In this time period, there were 2 rulers: Mehmet II (1451-1581) and Selim I (1481-1520)

Mehmet II: After Mehmet II's rule, the Ottoman Empire controlled most o the Balkans, and extended into the Crimean Peninsula (Ukraine).

Selim I: Selim gave the Ottoman Empire 3 holy cities - Jerusalem, Medina (Madinah), and Mecca (Makka). Also, Selim got Northern Algeria (Next to Morocco, centered around Algiers, the current-day capital city). 

1500's - Slowdown.

The Ottoman Empire at its maximum.

In this time period, there was a large slowdown in the expanse of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire was mainly led by Suleyman I the Magnificent in this time period. He took Northern Libya, Iraq, and Hungary. After his death, however (9 years after, in 1529), the Ottoman Empire lost at the Battle of Vienna, but still gained Tunisia, more of the Arabian Peninsula, and some parts of Ukraine and the Caucasus.

1600-1900's - Decline.

The Ottoman Empire continued to decline, shown through lots of lost wars (for example, the Crimean War). Egypt was similar to an independent country, and later, a British Protectorate. Until World War I, where it was decisively defeated and disbanded into simply Turkey. At that point, there was a revolution, an a republic was estabilished. Egypt was lost the the British, Algeria to the French, Syria the the French, Iraq to the British, Palestine to the British (and now the Jews), the Caucasus became independent, and Libya went to Italy.

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